Elliptical Sentences

Ellipsis means leaving something out. Elliptical sentence is a shorter form of sentence which some words have been omitted, but it retains the same meaning. It is used so that we can avoid unnecessary repeated words.

It is noticeable that elliptical sentences are used quite common in some contexts as:

1.      In normal conversation

·         A: Where are you going?  B: To school. (= I am going to school.)

·         A: Ready? (= Are you ready?) B: Yes, I am. (= Yes, I am ready.)

2.      In comparison

·         Phalla is taller than Phearom

(= Phalla is taller than Phearom is tall.)

·         The ads attracted younger than older people.

(= The ads attracted younger than  it attracted  older people.)

3.      In sentences joined by coordinating conjunctions.

·         I have washed and ironed my clothes.

(= I have washed my clothes, and I have ironed my clothes.)

·         Bora likes football, Phalla volleyball, and Sopheak basketball.

(= Bora likes football, Phalla likes volleyball, and Sopheak likes basketball.)

·         Kolab has five dollars, and Sopheak three.

(= Kolab has five dollars, and Sopheak  has  three dollars.)

4.      In some dependent clauses

·         If you clean the house today, i will tomorrow.

(= If you clean the house today, i will clean the house tomorrow.) 

·         I will go to the party if you will.

(= I will go to the party if you will go to the party.)

5.      In reduced clause

·         The song sung by Preap Sovath was so popular.

(= The song which was sung by Preap Sovath was so popular.)

·         The man selling the shoes is my friend.

(= The man who is selling the shoes is my friend.)

·         The police has found the car stolen yesterday.

 (= The police has found the car which was stolen yesterday.)
  •  When studying, he tried hard.
     (= When he was studying, he tried hard. )
  •  I visited the Bayon Temple after coming back from Battambang.
     (= I visited the Bayon Temple after I came back from Battambang. )
  •  Though a bit nervous, she presented the products to the doctor very well.

(= Though she was a bit nervous, she presented the products to the doctor very well. )

6.      When used with "SO, TOO, EITHER, NEITHER"

·         My sister is tall, and so do my brothers.

(= My sister is tall, and my brothers are tall, too.)

·         A : I was very sleepy last night.  B : So am I.

(= A : I was very sleepy last night.  B : I am hungry, too.)

·         My mom likes mangoes and my brother does too.

(= My mom likes mangoes, and my brother likes mangoes, too.)

·         He didn't say anything, and I didn't either.

(= He didn't say anything, and I didn't say anything, too.)

·         Her father likes to travel, and she does either.

(= Her father likes to travel, and she likes to travel, too.)

·         He didn't study hard, and neither did I.

(= He didn't study hard, and I didn't study hard, too.)

·         She doesn't review the lessons, and neither her friend.

(= She doesn't review the lessons, and her friend didn't review the lessons, too.) 

resources : http://thewindlike.blogspot.co.id/2012/12/elliptical-sentence.html#.VzM_oPl97IU

Telling About Your Future Plans

Hey guys today I wanna tell you about my future plans. My future plans, maybe not big as a lot of people nowadays. Their want to graduate college and then work in a big companies, and have a big salary too.

But mine is, I want to graduate college and have a 4.00 GPA (AMIN!). Make my mom and my family proud of me. Work on a government company, buy a house for my mom and make her retired from her work. Give all my mom want. Because that’s my future plan make my mom happy. After my mom happy maybe I want to marry someone, and make a happy family with my future husband.

That’s all my future plans, I don’t know is it will happen or not. I’am as a human just making a plan and the decision has been make by the God.   

CONDITIONAL - IF CLAUSES

CONDITIONAL-IF

Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences. There is four type on conditional clauses, such as:

1.      Conditional Sentences Type 0

Conditional type zero is used to talk about general truths, scientific facts or things which always happen under certain conditions. The tense in both parts of the sentence is the simple present. In zero conditional sentences, the word "if" can usually be replaced by the word "when" without changing the meaning. The zero conditional is used to talk about things which are always true, scientific facts, general truths.

Form : If + Simple Present, + Simple Present

Example:

·         If you cross an international date line, the time changes.

·         Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air.

·         If I wake up early, I go jogging.

2.      Conditional Sentences Type 1

Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.

Form :if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example :

·         If I find her address, I will send her an invitation

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

·         I will send her an invitation if I find her address

Note : Main clause and or if clause might be negative. See Simple Present and will-Future on how to form negative sentences.

·         If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.

3.      Conditional Sentences Type 2

Conditional Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change, however. I just imagine „what would happen if …“

Form : if + Simple Past, main clause with Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example:

·         If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

·         I would send her an invitation if I found her address.

Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative. See Simple Past und Conditional I on how to form negative sentences.

·         If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here.

Were instead of Was, In IF Clauses Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.

If I were you, I would not do this.

4.      Conditional Sentences Type 3

Conditional Sentences Type III refer to situations in the past. An action could have happened in the past if a certain condition had been fulfilled. Things were different then, however. We just imagine, what would have happened if the situation had been fulfilled.

Form : if + Past Perfect, main clause with Conditional II

Example :

·         If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

·         I would have sent her an invitation if I had found her address.

Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative. See Past Perfect and Conditional II on how to form negative sentences.

·         If I hadn’t studied, I wouldn’t have passed my exams.

Source: https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences

Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable Noun Examples

Anything that can be counted, whether singular – a dog, a house, a friend, etc. or plural – a few books, lots of oranges, etc. is a countable noun. The following countable noun examples will help you to see the difference between countable and uncountable nouns. Notice that singular verbs are used with singular countable nouns, while plural verbs are used with plural countable nouns.

1.      There are at least twenty Italian restaurants in Little Italy.

2.      Megan took a lot of photographs when she went to the Grand Canyon.

3.      Your book is on the kitchen table.

4.      How many candles are on that birthday cake?

5.      You have several paintings to study in art appreciation class.

6.      There’s a big brown dog running around the neighborhood.

Uncountable Noun Examples

Anything that cannot be counted is an uncountable noun. Even though uncountable nouns are not individual objects, they are always singular and one must always use singular verbs in conjunction with uncountable nouns. The following uncountable noun examples will help you to gain even more understanding of how countable and uncountable nouns differ from one another. Notice that singular verbs are always used with uncountable nouns.

1.      There is no more water in the pond.

2.      Please help yourself to some cheese.

3.      I need to find information about Pulitzer Prize winners.

4.      You seem to have a high level of intelligence.

5.      Please take good care of your equipment.

6.      Let’s get rid of the garbage.

Uncountable nouns can be paired with words expressing plural concept. Using these words can make your writing more specific. Here are some examples of how to format interesting sentences with uncountable nouns.

• Garbage :    There are nine bags of garbage on the curb.

• Water :         Try to drink at least eight glasses of water each day.

• Advice :        She gave me a useful piece of advice.

• Bread :         Please buy a loaf of bread.

• Furniture :   A couch is a piece of furniture.

• Equipment : A backhoe is an expensive piece of equipment.

• Cheese :        Please bag ten slices of cheese for me.

Source: http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/nouns/countable-uncountable-nouns/

My Childhood Experience

When I was a kid, my grandmother often took me to the park across my house. I always love going to the park, because I can play whatever I wanted. There was a slide, a sandbox and my favorite place to sit, A SWING! The park was always full of people, and many of them were kid like me. And I loved it because I had friends to played with. I played around for about 1 or 2 hours unto I get tired. After went to the park, my grandmother took me to market and bought me ice cream. I got so happy, my grandmother always knew all my favorite things. She was kind, and loved all her grandsons.

        One day, I met my new friend at the park, and her name is Putri. Putri and I has similarity, even her last name are same like me. She was lived near my house. I often played in the park with Putri. We loved to built sand castle, swinging together, and ran around the park. Our favorite game is called “Benteng”. We play like a cop and a criminal, chasing each other. That was experience that I will never forget.